- 蔡一夫 2017.12.05,07
宇宙学
- 第一次讲座
Theme:The very early universe & the CMB physic Standard Model:Inflation & Hot Big Bang
宇宙微波背景(cosmic microwave background,CMB)是宇宙学中“大爆炸”遗留下来的热辐射,约为2.725K。
反弹宇宙学(Bounce Cosmology)connecting fundamental thories with observation。
量子涨落被拉开,波长拉长,距离边远后退相干变为经典涨落。
Concordance Model,inflationary Lambda-CDM model,共有6个基本参数和5个导出参数。
CMB polarization,E mode 、B mode BICEF instrument of the south polar
寻找原初引力波,Primordial GWs
实验方法: 卫星有年限,不方便更新升级。
地面目前有四个地点:南极、智利高原沙漠、格陵兰岛、西藏阿里。
第一次讲座总结: Today
- the past decade has witnessed the era of presision cosmology
- the paradigm of early universe has been greatly developed
- Big Bang cosmology has become the Standard Model
- Inflation obtained a large amount of initial achievements
- Bounce cosmology is ambitious on solving big bang singularty
In near future
- Very early universe opens a window to explore fundamental physics
- It becomes possiblle to observationally probe physicsnear the Big Bang CMB experiments
- CMB experiments in the north earth is necessary
- China’s Ali CMB project will be hte first CMB experiment int the north earth
- 第二次讲座
Theme:Primordial GWs & the CMB physic 提到了今年的诺贝尔物理学奖,LIGO项目于1992年立项,1999年运行,到2009年没结果,然后停机维护升级,2015年继续开机。
寻找原初引力波的动机Motivation:
- produced in very early time (within 10^(-30)s)
- linearly decouple
- originated from quantum fluctunations
Harmonic Analysis for CMB Polarization 弯曲时空,引力透镜,把E mode变成B mode
CMB Perfect Blackbody
相比于第一次讲座科普性的内容,第二次讲座最大的感受,宇宙学也是扎实的理科,用数学工具精准描述的,用实验装置观测,其基础理论涉及到了电动力学、流体力学、热统等物理知识,也有量子力学的内容。而且老师很年轻,很有活力,对于自己所研究的事情很有兴趣,不断地问:“不知道你们有没有这样的感受,我是感觉很兴奋的。”